Cognitive Theory and Developmentally Appropriate Experiences

Cognitive Theory and Developmentally Appropriate Experiences Piaget and Vygotsky both believed that young children actively learn from their hands-on, day-to-day experiences. Jean Piaget portrayed children as little scientists who go about actively constructing their understanding of the world. His theories hold the essence of developmentally appropriate curriculum since Piaget believed that children undergo cognitive development in a stage-based manner, such that a very young child would not think about things the same way that an adult might. He referred to the knowledge and the manner in which the knowledge is gained as a schema. In order to build on the cognitive stages that children experience, informal learning opportunities, formal instructional sessions, and the utilized curriculum must all dovetail with a childs current cognitive stage so that assimilation of the new knowledge may occur. Working with what the child knows and experiences, parents and teachers create bridges to the next cognitive stage that are characterized by the chil ds accommodation. Piaget argued that optimal learning took place in this manner and that adults should avoid thinking that they can accelerate a childs development through the age-based, maturity-referenced stages. This is because a child works toward establishing an equilibrium between the assimilation and application of new knowledge and changing their behavior to accommodate their newly adopted schemas. VygotskysShow MoreRelatedSelecting Appropriate Books For Children1596 Words   |  7 PagesSelecting Appropriate Books for Children As children interact with their environment and the people around them, their linguistic, cognitive, social, and emotional abilities develop further. Through these interactions, children construct knowledge by organizing and classifying the new knowledge based on prior learning experiences (Brown, Lee, 2012). Vygotsky believed social interactions influence both intellectual and language development, and he identified social interactions as the key methodRead MoreIntellectual Development Child Theory by Theorist, Piaget644 Words   |  3 Pagesdevelopment theory. His theory promotes realistic educational experiences geared to the child’s current stages of development, the constructive process of learning necessary to broaden emerging intellectual and social skills. (Morrison, 2010). High/scope helps teacher become more effective in their classrooms. Researchers have linked early intervention with infants to brain enhancement. By having direct action- physical and intellectual engagement with experiences – in additionRead MoreCharacteristics Of A High Quality Program1203 Words   |  5 Pagesquality program. Components and characteristics of a high-quality program include, but are not limited to: a curriculum that is developmentally appropriate; teachers with adequate training; a safe environment; small group size and low adult to child ratios; and communication between parents and teachers (Schuyler Center for Analysis and Advocacy, 2012). Developmentally appropriate curriculum means using knowledge about child development to create a program that is suitable for the age and stage of developmentRead MoreA Reflection On Learning Theories939 Words   |  4 Pagesconversations and activities, read literature and continue to learn and to understand child development as all of this ties into learning theories. I believe now that through being a more reflective teacher it has shaped my teaching strategy based on three different learning theories I will reflect on. Behaviorism, constructivism, and cognitivism are relatively common theories used in classrooms as ways to approach student learning. Behaviorism focuses on observable behavior, such as being able to followRead MoreSimilarities and Differences between Reggio Emilia and High Scope1681 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopmental domains, and it talks about how they can be incorporated in the curriculum. Cognitive development is promoted through their children exploring objects through their five senses, exploring similarities and different in on things in the environment, one to one correspondence, numbers, Seeing things form different perspectives, time intervals, and cause and effect. High Scope also promotes Cognitive development through their large and small group times. Social and emotional developmentsRead MoreEarly Childhood Education: Vision, Mission, and Philosophy Statement1258 Words   |  6 Pagesenjoyable experiences. Differentiated instruction adapts content, products and pr ocesses to meet the diverse learning needs and preferences of students (Thousand, Villa, Nevin, 2007). Friedrich Froebel, the creator of Kindergarten, believed that children grow and learn as they play (Bruno, 2009). Play-based instruction not only enables young learners to have fun, but it also encourages interactive and cooperative learning, passion for discovery, and a foundation for later learning experiences (MooreRead MorePlay Theory Of Human Development1264 Words   |  6 PagesPlay Theory Many researchers strongly believe on how important play on human development. A spontaneous play contributes to cognitive, social, emotional, physical and language in early childhood development. Play promotes social competence, creativity, language development, and thinking skills. When children are fully engaged in a self-active play, they are able to express their inner capacity to create and express feelings, thoughts, and perceptions. Play in children stimulates physical, social-emotionalRead MoreTechnology s Impact On Young Children1465 Words   |  6 Pagesincluding physical, cognitive, and social. I will discuss the results of my research from different articles and explore how the findings could be applied to the work of an early childhood educator respectively. Research Summary Using Technology Appropriately in the Preschool Classroom (Ann Epstein 2011) This article stresses the fact that technology can have various benefits on children whilst promoting early learning given the fact that the technology is developmentally appropriate. The correct useRead MoreThe Stepping Stone Preschool Program Essay1436 Words   |  6 Pagescore developmental theories. These theories help form the philosophy that will direct all of the center’s actions. According to Freeman, C. Decker and J. Decker (2013), â€Å"The program philosophy not only includes beliefs that guide the selection of curriculum, but it also should be the guide for all interactions within the organization†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Therefore, it is important that program philosophy be imbedded in developmental theory so that the philosophy promotes development in an appropriate and realistic mannerRead MoreDefinition of Development Appropriate Practice1100 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: The developmentally appropriate practice for Health, Safety and Nutrition prepares students from early childhood through a group of basic information and theory, practices, and requirements for establishing and keeping safety, healthy learning environment and good nutrition through the training of children to pay attention to their health and their nutrition and safety. Definition of Development appropriate Practice : The definition of developmentally appropriate practice (DAP)

Starhill REIT Financial Analysis - 2083 Words

1. PROFITABILITY Return on Ordinary Shareholders’ Funds (ROSF) ROSF examines the profit a business generates with the shareholders’ funds. The ROSF of Starhill Real Estate Investment Trust (hereinafter refer as Starhill REIT) raised steeply in year 2009 from 7.09% to 27.73%, an increase of 20.64% compared to previous year. The remarkable increment of the percentage was conducing by the growth of income after taxation in year 2009. Included in income after taxation was a revaluation surplus of RM274.36 million required to be made under fair value accounting standards. Meanwhile, the growth in recurring profit was contributed substantially by increased in service charge rates for all tenancies in the retail complexes. This showing a good†¦show more content†¦Therefore it might be the company policy to change the trade term and insufficient of information is available for analysis. Sales Revenue to Capital Employed Sales revenue to capital employed indicates how effectively the assets of a business are being used to generate sales revenue. The ratio of Starhill REIT decreased from the year 2008 to the year 2010, which was 0.081times, 0.075 times, and 0.074 times respectively. This implied that assets were not being used productively in generate revenue. (Approximately 8 cent only was being generated for each RM1 of capital employed.) The reduction of ratio over the years was attributed to the increased of capital employed. 3. LIQUIDITY Current Ratio and Acid Test Ratio Current Ratio assesses whether the business has enough short-term assets to cover its short-term debts. The acid test ratio is quite similar to the current ratio yet excluding stock. In this case as Starhill REIT do not has stock therefore the calculation for both of the ratios will be the same. The ratio increased year by year from 2008 to 2010, i.e. 2.25 times, 2.26 times, and 4.61 times respectively. The ratio indicated that the company had approximately two times of short-term assets to secure its short-term liabilities in 2008 and 2009. In 2010, the ratio boosted up and it was doubled compared to prior year. This was due to the increment of other receivables amounted to RM625 million (cash proceeds from the disposal)

Jane Eyre Temptations to Self free essay sample

During the mid-nineteenth century, the English writer Charlotte Bronte published Jane Eyre under the pen name Currer Bell. Jane Eyre is a novel of the bildungsroman genre, meaning that is follows a character through the stages of their life. This novel follows the emotions and experiences of its protagonist as she develops into adulthood. On her journey, she finds love in the master of the fictitious Thornfield Hall as well as her true identity. Jane Eyre’s strong sense of morality and equality become the backbone of her definition of self as well as the fight between love and passion. The introduction of love becomes a temptation and develops into an internal battle. The bildungsroman nature of this novel allows the battle to be broken down into the stages defined by the author. Therefore, the first stage is that of Jane Eyre’s time at Thornfield Hall and her courtship with Mr. Rochester. This is the point in which she must chose between herself and her love. Edward Rochester is Jane’s greatest temptation and the largest obstacle to her identity, the battle is most ardently viewed in three separate stages within her time at Thornfield Hall: the inequality of the courtship between Jane and Mr. Rochester, the lead up to the their nuptials and the moral choice after the revelation of Bertha Mason. Jane’s story is one of the search for love from another. This love is not just in the romantic sense, but in the sense of belonging and being valued as well. In order to gain love, Jane must learn how to love and be loved without sacrificing her sense of self in the process. Therefore, love is the greatest quest in Jane Eyre as well as the greatest temptation to a life without morality and equality. During Jane’s first few months at Thornfield, her position of governess and her growing love interest for her master become a temptation to her identity and her reverence for equality. Edward Rochester is an established man and Jane’s employer; he naturally designates himself in command. Jane is a passionate young lady, as observed from the beginning of the novel, she therefore has a quick tongue and her intelligence gives sharpness to her words. Her tendency to allow her opinions to fall from her mouth tests the relationship of master and employee between she and Mr. Rochester. In one instance, he claims authority over her and she responds by claiming that he  had â€Å"no right to command† her and that his â€Å"claim to superiority† depends on the use that he made of his â€Å"time and experience (JE 114)1.† Her dismissal of his authority demonstrates her adherence to equality between herself and everyone in her life. She wishes to be seen as someone of equal standing though she has no money and is seemingly powerless. This lack of social status and personal wealth unnerves her as she realizes that she will never be an independent woman. The nuptials of Mr. Rochester and Jane presents the new temptation to Jane’s identity, that of marriage and wealth. Rochester showering Jane with gifts and the luxuries that come with the ability to provide makes Jane uncomfortable and worry of what she can bring to the marriage. Though Rochester is her love, her being poor and without wealth of her own presents a personal struggle for Jane in this section of her life. Elements of Jane Eyre are feminist, and her inability to provide money, or even work after her marriage is something that leaves Jane feeling uncomfortable. She asserts herself by making it known that she would still be Adele’s governess after the wedding and earn her keep in the household. This demonstrates Jane’s internal drive for equality and wholehearted reliance on it as a part of her identity. Jane feels that if she obtained personal wealth or an inheritance of her own that she and Mr. Rochester would be an equal match. Therefore, when she is economically equal to her mate she will feel ready to marry him. After she inherits twenty thousand pounds from John Eyre, her lost Uncle, she feels financially independent and eventually marries Mr. Rochester. The morality of Jane Eyre is tested when Mr. Rochester asks her to be his mistress while Bertha Mason is still his wife. Jane must again chose between love and the image she has of herself. Rochester asks her to accompany him to the south of France and live as husband and wife. Jane believes in the â€Å"law given by God (JE 270)† and promptly denies him. The themes of conscience and passion seem to echo throughout the entirety of Jane Eyre and the question of which one to follow. The passion of Jane is inescapable and yet she has a seemingly close relationship with God. Jane chooses conscience over passion at this point in the novel, up until now she relied heavily on  emotion and forgot reason. She was replacing God with her love of Mr. Rochester, and now she must reject the man that she placed on a heavenly pedestal. At this time, she realizes that â€Å"laws and principles are not for times when there is no temptation: they are for such moments as this. (JE 270)† She knows that she must leave Thornfield Hall and Mr. Rochester in order to find the balance within herself once more. She fears the loss of her autonomy, and this fear motivates her to refuse Mr. Rochester’s proposal of â€Å"marriage.† By Rochester remaining legally married to Bertha Mason, Jane believed she would be making herself a mistress and therefore would lose her own integrity and morality. Jane’s battle of love reaches its climax as she is challenged by choosing herself or choosing Rochester As Jane readies to leave Thornfield she has an internal conflict, between the love she feels and her own identity. â€Å"Soothe him; save him; love him; tell him you love him and will be his (JE 270).† Jane argues with herself eventually challenging her identity with â€Å" Who in the world cares for you? (JE 270)†This is the pinnacle of temptation over identity. Her battle with love comes to its climax, here she must choose between her love for a man who treats her with inequality and immorally asks her to marry him though he has a wife already; or her own strict adherence to herself. Her response to the question of who cares is â€Å"I care for myself. The more solitary, the more friendless, the more unsustained I am, the more I will respect myself (JE 270).†Bronte chose for Jane to choose herself over Rochester, by doing so Jane becomes stronger than Rochester. The choice to abandon love and for Jane to find strength in herself is the reason that Jane finds a happy ending. This avoidance of temptation, allows Jane to ultimately reach self-actualization in her eventual marriage of Rochester. The most noteworthy man in Jane Eyre attempts to establish himself as dominant over Jane and therefore unequal. Jane never allows her independence to be compromised, nor does she allow the temptations that plague her to break her understanding of herself. The only time that Jane submits to a man in the novel is once she knows that she is intellectually, financially and emotionally equal. Only after she proves that she has reached self-actualization can she happily marry Mr. Rochester and not be dependent  on him as her master. Their marriage could only happen if it was to happen between equals, â€Å"I am my husband’s life as fully as he is mine†¦To be together is for us to be at once in solitude, as gay as in company†¦we are precisely suited in character – perfect concord is the result (JE 384).† Jane Eyre is an attempt to deny the patriarchal forces that command and control women and to allow women to find their own voices and their own selves and to follow them. Jane’s self was one of morality and equality, and that was most clearly viewed in her relationship with Edward Rochester, through their courtship, attempted wedding and her eventual decision to leave and find her own way. Jane Eyre’s happy ending is her own doing and her own fight for equality and morality.

Tesla A Blue Ocean Marketing Strategy Essay Example

Tesla: A Blue Ocean Marketing Strategy Paper With its innovative rechargeable batteries, which t using technology from Panasonic laptop batteries and are sourced by Toyota and Adair Wesley, and the Success Of its heighten, $1 KOOK+ Roadster, Tests has achieved margins TTL funding the search and development of a medicine electric vehicle, as well as a wide infrastructure of Supercharger stations that will eliminate the cost of fueling. Teasels products include a luxury Model S sedan priced at $ASK to $ASK, and a small crossover SSL Model X, which is expected to debut in late 2014 for $KICK. Is medicine ($ASK to $40 d Generation, which will achieve 200 miles per charge, as well as the battery packs the hare these products. The electric car market is limited, but growing. In 2013, it held 38 pepper get share of the 15. 5 million vehicles sold in the United States. Rising environment rareness and encores with climate may well overcome consumer concerns with PRI. Romance, and styling, and Musks product addresses all of these. His go al is to develop streetcar product that will sell for under $ASK because a Navigate survey indicated that ; .NET of consumers name that as their purchasing ceiling (Slipperiness). US and Chinese govern- .NET incentives will further sweeten that price lure if social consciousness fails In its motivation. A PEST industry analysis addresses Teasels challenges. Political barriers include e a strong lobby of petroleum and auto man effectuates and distributorships, whose tax s currently support Tate governments. Forthright out of 52 US states ban auto sales outside of d stratospheric; Tests distribution eliminates that middleman. Exchange and import rates, as well as quantitative easing, may impact Teasels economic position. In spite of these barriers, Tests enjoys green support and a technology advantage derived from its clean, efficient, compete dive product; its littà ©rateur development; and its infrastructure and freewheeling vision. A arc view of Porters five forces indicates high buyer power, low supplier power, low threat of new entrants, high threat from substitutes, and high rivalry. A SOOT analysis suggests that the SSL renege of a willingness, safe, economically competitive product, complete with a welled beloved infrastructure, trumps political interference and an unusual distribution plan. We will write a custom essay sample on Tesla: A Blue Ocean Marketing Strategy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tesla: A Blue Ocean Marketing Strategy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tesla: A Blue Ocean Marketing Strategy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Tests is poised to offset anticipated rising gas prices and shortage of renewable energy and to t cake advantage of a potential supplier role and overseas expansion, in spite of competition from ( there manufacturers and threats from distributorship laws and lobbies. Teasels plan is to market its innovative, practicalities product, using a multi( Handel approach that is consistent with the brands message of transparency and vale e. Using mall kiosks and galleries, it will inform potential customers and transmit its brand. Sing online ordering, similar to that of heighten electronic distributorship, Teasels strategy will successfully transform the transportation industry. BUY. 450. 710. 52 Tastes Blue ocean strategy page 3 Currently Teasels targets include tech enthusiasts, environmentalists, luxury r drives, and sport car enthusiasts, and by the end Of 2014, it plans to roll out a car the t is accessible to the mainstream buyer. In this, we believe that Tests will become a successf ul for e to be reckoned with. Current Business Situation Tests Motors, headquartered in Palo Alto, California, designs and manufacture battledores electric vehicles and electric vehicle perpetration component: The company was founded in 2003, and although there was some initial contention as to who c exactly could claim to be a expounder, a lawsuit settled in 2009 between current CEO Leon Musk an former CEO Martin Bernhard determined that in addition to the two aforementioned me JOB Statures, Marc Tarpapering, and Ian Wright could claim roles as expounders (Lamina, 2009 None of Teasels founders had a background in the car industry, nor did its original engineer g team (Van den Steen, 2014) they were simply passionate about creating an innovative, us enable form of transportation. Worldwide Tests currently employees more than 2,000 people , operates 31 sales and service centers, and is on the road in 37 counties (Tests. Com, 2014). Billionaire and entrepreneur Leon Musk, who had previously founded Zip AR expounded Papal, became Chairman of the Board in 2004 when he invested $6. 3 million of his own personal funds in the first round Of Teasels capital investment (Davis, 20 0). Musk immediately zeroed in on Teasels overall business strategy, which aimed to port his vision of overhauling the current global transportation infrastructure by developing a d manufacturing electric cars that would perform as well as or better than their superpowers c underpants. Although Musk did not assume the role of CEO and product architect at Test until 2008 (Morrison, 2008), he shared his business plan for Tests via the companys bloc in 2006. Wired Magazine summed his audacious threes business plan: First, develop a heighten, historiographer sports car to prove that electric vehicles were both cool and feasible. Second, roll out a luxury sedan that would compete with heighten brands like BMW an Mercedes. Third, produce hundreds of thousands of lowest electric vehicles for the mass sees, (Davis, 2010). After coffining Tests, Musk went on to found the private space trans operation company Spaces, and became the largest shareholder and chairman of Solar City, a provider of solar power systems (Van den Steen, 2014). Product Information In line with Musks strategy, Tests focused first on the heighten market where t he greatest profit margin could be attained while working to perfect the product. Tastes Tests Motors first product, launched in 2006, was the Roadster, a small, highlighter menace sports car hat was 100 percent powered by a rechargeable, electric Lithium battery. Tests designed and produced the cars perpetration in-house in California, and joined with Lotus to design the body and framework, and the vehicle was assembled by Lotus in the U. K. (Van den Steen, 2014). The Roadster not only accelerated from O to 60 MPH in less than four seconds, who ICC was on par with many modern Ferreira models (Van den Steen, 2014), it could be recharged in f our hours by a 220V01t outlet and had a range Of 240 miles on a single charge (Foes, 2012). BUY 450. 710. 2 Teasels Blue Ocean Strategy Page 4 Unlike many other car manufactures who were developing rechargeable elect rice batteries from scratch, Tests assembled its rechargeable battery pack from slightly MO deified industrialized commodity Lithium batteries in the 1 8650 form factor, who ICC was commonly used for laptops, and supplied by Panasonic (Van den Steen, 2014) . Tests and Panasonic cooperated to modify the design for car usage, paying particular at tension to safety and the risk of overheating a nd fire. Tests also designed a liquid cooling system m to keep the batteries on the optimal temperature. The perpetration design was proprietary ND Tests did not reveal much about it (Van den Steen, 2014). According to the Harvard Business School case, Plugging In the Consumer: The Adoption of Electrically Powered Vehicles in the U. S. , Tests delivered 500 Roadsters to the U. S. Market in 2009 at a starting price of $109,000. The Roadster was not mass m reeked, although it did receive a great deal of press coverage, including Time Magazines dubious Best Inventions of 2006 award in the Transportation category. The positive buzz generated h eloped Tests craft their image and gain brand awareness. Furthermore, the press potentially chi engaged how people thought about electric cars by using expressions like headhunter, gastropod ere, future of the automobile, and comparing its performance to a Ferreira or Borsch, rather TTT an focusing on Teasels environmental benefits (Van den Steen, 2014). In January 2010, Tests a announced at that it had sold its one thousandth Roaster at the Detroit Auto Show (Foes, 2012), and when it produced its 2,500 Roadster in 2012, thus fulfilling its contract with Lotus, Test a discontinued the model. By targeting early adopters who were willing to not only pay a premium for TTL- e newest, cost innovative product, but were willing to accept the risk of glitches in order r to have it, Tests was able to generate revenue from investors, including Panasonic Corp.. , Dad miler GAG, and Toyota Motor Corp.. For additional research and development to finitude the r technology. Tests Motors began focusing on its second phase of its business strategy with the unveiling of its Model S sedan in March 2009, which was designed to seat five to seven people e, depending on the package purchased, and cover between 160300 miles on a single charge, depending on which battery pack was chosen. With a base listing price of $57,400 (which fed rail tax credits of $7, 500 reduced to just below $ask), the Model S helped shift Tests away from its niche, boutique status and into a broader marketplace (McKenna, 2009). However, with most accustomed Model Gs pricing out between $70,000 and $90,000, depending on the various features chosen, it was still primarily positioned to compete in the luxury seed n market, against vehicles like the Mercedes S class, Audio 6, and BMW 7 series. In 2010, Tests launched its PIP and became a publicly traded company within the United States, a move that generated enough funding for Tests to purchase a factory and begin building TTS Model S sedan (Australia, 2010). Furthermore, Tests leveraged its power, reliability, and reputation amongst its peers and competitors to form numerous alliances to manufacture and sell electric drive motors to Toyota (Lexus) and Demolishers (Mercedes and S mart Car) (Mueller, 2013). By 2011, although Tests had yet to report an annual profit, it w as poised to become the first profitable maker of battledores electric vehicles. In late 201 1, before the first Model S was actually produced, Tests announced that it had sold out of it s 2012 production BUY . 450. 710. 2 Teasels Blue Ocean Strategy Page 5 opacity, with orders for more than 6,500 vehicles of which most were new buyers, with only about 600 being original Roadster owners (Manson, 201 1). In 2012, Tests AC hived positive cash flow, and its stock has since catapulted 1,000 percent (Musk, 2012). The Model S sedan has become one of the bestselling luxury sedans within the e United States and has outsold most rivals each quarter since it began production in 2 012 (Validates, 2013). Teasels global sales were estimated to be in excess of 2 5,000 units by the end of 2013 (Shaman, 2014). According to Bloomberg, Teasels sales in 2014 are estimated to exceed 35,000 units, as it expands into China (Manson, 2014). The impressive e sales of the Model S have been undoubtedly spurred by its numerous accolades. Motor Try end awarded the Model S with the Motor Trend Car of the Year award in 201 3 and Consumer Reports awarded the car with their top ranking two years in a row for 2013 and 2014 stating the e Model S [is] the best car it had ever tested giving it almost a perfect score (CNN Money, 2014). In late 2012, Tests Motors used its blob to unveil the Model X, a small crossover ere sport utility vehicle (SLID) with seating for seven passengers and optional allele d rive (Tests Motors, 2012). Production on this model was supposed to begin in 2013, but Tests later decided to focus on profitability and production of the Model S, so production was PU shed back to late 2014. Pricing will most likely be around SSL 00,000 and will compete with the hi Ghent Subs offered by BMW and Mercedes (Barman, 2013). The vehicle will feature unique e fallowing doors that open upward, rather than outward, and it is expected to achieve 2 67 miles per charge and O to 60 miles per hour in 4. 4 seconds. John Gather of Pike Research states [a]s the first electrified models in the SSW crossover category, the Tests Model X along with the Scam Energy have a chance to win over customers who, while generally not being as attuned to the environmental benefits of Eves, are also less price sensitive (Motivational 2012). To support its continued growth, Tests has begun investing heavily in its infra structure. As a free service to its customers, Tests provides free charging services via their Supercharger stations located in major cities and along highways throughout the United Sat test and in some European countries. Musk has stated that the use of Tests Superchargers, who ICC can supply a car with 150 miles of range on a minute charge and 200 miles on a minute c hang, will be ere to Tests customers forever (Motivational, 2012). Tests plans to invest addition anal capital to expand the networks reach. Teasels innovative, hightail product, sound business strategy, and strategic partnerships have paved the way for Tests to move full speed ahead into phi SE three of its business strategy. Appendix A, Figure 1, shows Teasels products to date. As Et Sal anticipates launching new products geared towards additional market segments with high her volume and lower margins, namely production of a mass market electric car by approximant tally 2017, the company is currently building out its supercharger network, and investing in f story space for manufacturing, and expanding its sales and services centers in both in the . ND abroad. Market BUY. 450. 710. 52 Teasels Blue Ocean Strategy Page 6 The market for plugging electric vehicles (Pees), of which there are three main TTY pees that use an electric motor (either alone or in combination with a gas engine) and a battery that must be replenished by plugging the vehicle in to an external power source and el citric motor, is currently growing, a s evidenced by Appendix A. Relative to the overall industry y, however, the total electric drive market share, which also includes Hybrids, is very limited making up only about 3. Recent, or roughly 592,000, electrified vehicles against a 15. 5 mil ion in total vehicle sales within the United States, as shown in Appendix B (Electric Drive 1 remonstration Association, 2014). Experts believe that the growth of this market is stifled beck cause the total cost of these vehicles still substantially exceeds that of their superpowers counters arts, as shown in Appendix C. The high cost of Eves is driven by the electric battery. Teasels skew h battery pack was estimated to cost about US $15,000 18,000, although battery costs have decreased by about ten percent per year between 2009 and 201 2 (Van den Steen, 2014). Ad additionally, some consumers still believe that they must compromise overall performance or SST yelling in order to drive an electric vehicle. To further the advancement of these vehicles the U. S. Government begun pro viding tax incentives of up to $7,500 for those who purchased Eves after 2010 to offset SC me of the cost premium. Depending on the make and model, these incentives can bring Eves down to around $25,000. The $25,000 number is key with Teasels third generation car because findings from Navigates recent consumer survey showed that 71 percent of nectar buyers dont want to spend ore than $25,000 on their next vehicle (Slipperiness, 2014). After the tax cry edits are applied, the Ionians Leaf is priced at about $22,300, which is within the price range of a approximately 75 percent of US car buyers, but removing the credits eliminates half of these buy years, and only about 37 percent can afford the purchase (Slipperiness, 2014).

Free Essays on Informational Technology Advancement

INTRODUCTION In 1975 the first personal computer was marketed. This computer was called the Altair. Bill Gates, with others, wrote a basic program for the machine so it could perform small tasks. The next year Apple began to market its PC’s. In 1976, Queen Elizabeth went on-line with the first royal e-mail message. The Internet, as we know today as the Information Superhighway, was introduced in 1989. It was formed through a long chain of networks and was smaller with only a handful of people that had a computer. In 1989 the Internet had about 3900 domains and 130,000 hosts. Today there are over 3 million domains and 36 million hosts. In reality the Internet formed through the formation of the Arpanet, which was the first stage of networking, and Bitnet, which was the second stage. These two early networks were the start of the Internet, which is considered to be the third step of the network process. Due to cost savings, reliability, and resource sharing networking has become the most so ught out objective to learn Ever since networking was introduced, companies have a constant drive for improvement (A History of the Compute,2004). CURRENT AREAS OF INDUSTRY GROWTH Information technology is a broad field that covers all aspects of managing and processing information. They are professionals who design, develop, support, and manage computer software, hardware, and networks. From the growth of its early years to the uncertainty of recent times, the IT industry has stabilized with job growth rates now rising steadily and continues to change in order to meet the needs of the business world. In its May 2002 Hot Jobs Report, Robert Half Technology reported that networking is experiencing the strongest growth in corporate IT departments in the United States. The development of wireless networks needed to support a growing mobile workforce and the implementation of new security measures to safeguard corporate data are two major con... Free Essays on Informational Technology Advancement Free Essays on Informational Technology Advancement INTRODUCTION In 1975 the first personal computer was marketed. This computer was called the Altair. Bill Gates, with others, wrote a basic program for the machine so it could perform small tasks. The next year Apple began to market its PC’s. In 1976, Queen Elizabeth went on-line with the first royal e-mail message. The Internet, as we know today as the Information Superhighway, was introduced in 1989. It was formed through a long chain of networks and was smaller with only a handful of people that had a computer. In 1989 the Internet had about 3900 domains and 130,000 hosts. Today there are over 3 million domains and 36 million hosts. In reality the Internet formed through the formation of the Arpanet, which was the first stage of networking, and Bitnet, which was the second stage. These two early networks were the start of the Internet, which is considered to be the third step of the network process. Due to cost savings, reliability, and resource sharing networking has become the most so ught out objective to learn Ever since networking was introduced, companies have a constant drive for improvement (A History of the Compute,2004). CURRENT AREAS OF INDUSTRY GROWTH Information technology is a broad field that covers all aspects of managing and processing information. They are professionals who design, develop, support, and manage computer software, hardware, and networks. From the growth of its early years to the uncertainty of recent times, the IT industry has stabilized with job growth rates now rising steadily and continues to change in order to meet the needs of the business world. In its May 2002 Hot Jobs Report, Robert Half Technology reported that networking is experiencing the strongest growth in corporate IT departments in the United States. The development of wireless networks needed to support a growing mobile workforce and the implementation of new security measures to safeguard corporate data are two major con...

Analytical Essay on The Crucible

Analytical Essay on The Crucible Analytical Essay on The Crucible The Crucible is a play by Arthur Miller that was written and published in 1953. It is loosely based on facts about Salem witch trials that happened in 1692 and 1693. On the other hand, the play is believed to be an allegory on McCarthyism, the practice of accusing people without having enough evidence. Thus, both have striking resemblance, and the author wanted to show how helpless and doomed a person might be when unfairly accused by those in power (e.g. court, state, police). Salem witch trial and allegory on McCarthyism are the two levels of this plays interpretation (the explicit and the implicit ones). Those, who are not familiar with the context in which the play was written, will more likely not understand the implicit meaning of it. The play is a playwrights reaction to events that took place during the McCarthy era in the first half of 1950s. A lot of Americans were accused of being communists, spreading communist propaganda, or being soviet spies. Very often such accusations were false, however it soon developed into mass hysteria, with many people becoming victims of such injustice. Arthur Miller saw similarities between McCarthyism and Salem witch trials which resulted in writing this play. Talking about the main characters, we can point out an antagonist and a protagonist: Abigail Williams and John Proctor respectively. It all started when they both had an affair while Abigail worked as a maid for the Proctor house. In fact, it was Abigail who accused a slave woman of being a witch trying to explain reverend Parris daughter illness. Soon she realizes that such accusations can be used as a means of manipulating people, for example accusing Proctors wife of witchcraft is a way to be with Proctor again. Other people join Abigail even if they know that accusations are false, but they realize that it is better to accuse someone rather than be accused themselves. This mass hysteria is supported by people who have authority: judge John Hathorne and deputy governor Thomas Danforth. The author draws a parallel between the authority in Salem and the U.S. Government in the 50s, who were both too blind and ignorant to see that all the accusations were made by people because their own self-interest, or just because of foolishness. The protagonist, John Proctor, trying to save his wife was also accused of witchcraft by Abigail. He has to make a choice: understanding all the absurd of the trial, he may confess to being guilty and save his life, but be condemned by all the citizens of Salem for the rest of his life, or to deny all the accusations and be sentenced to death, but having a clear conscience. So, he chooses the latter. Arthur Millers play shows us how cruel and foolish people may be, no matter whether it is the 17th century, or the 20th. With all the technological and scientific progress that happened during this period, he doubts that people have become any wiser. He also depicts authority as a cruel machine that is only capable of imposing punishment to people without even knowing whether they are guilty or not. Tips on Writing an Analytical Essay on a Work of Fiction: When analyzing a work of fiction, try focusing on a specific character, concept or a story line. Make an attention catching claim in your thesis statement. For that, two sentences would be enough. Use examples from the work of fiction you are analyzing to support the claim you have made. That is also a good indicator that you have read the work carefully enough to notice the details. An outline always apply. Whatever kind of essay you are writing, an outline will help you to keep your thoughts organized. provides students with custom written essays on different topics. You can buy analytical essay online and your paper will be written by certified writers.

International organisations. United Nations in Human Rights, ICJ & ICC Essay

International organisations. United Nations in Human Rights, ICJ & ICC - Essay Example International Court of Justice, on the other hand, is under affiliation with the United Nations. It settles disputes, which are put forward by individual states. In addition, it gives legal advice to states (Smith, pp. 55-60, 2007). A legal procedure has to be followed for international court of justice once a case is filed in the court. Hence, it is obvious that International Criminal Court tries individuals whereas International Court of Justice deals with the issues of a state and hence deals with larger bodies. These are mostly states that are members of the UN. In addition, since advisory services on legal matters are also provided in International Court of Justice, the cases dealt here have to undergo an entire formal procedure. There has been debate about the empowerment of these institutions, and non-governmental bodies have been emphasizing the empowerment of ICC as well. They emphasize on handling the cases regarding the exercise of power to International Criminal Court (Smith, pp. 55-60, 2007). On the other hand, others believe that ICJ should be given the matters to decide. Hence, it remains matter of debate but a trend that is established that individuals and non-governmental bodies preferring ICC to IJC. ... The mandate of UN was to respect human rights and make justice available to everyone, regardless of their creed, color, or race. However, it has been an argument that this may not be the case as Saudi Arabia is also a member of the UN. Since Saudi Arabia is a place where a woman is not allowed to leave the house without a man and where gays are not well represented at all, it is a contradiction to its mandate (Advancing Human Rights, 2011). International efforts to establish peace and govern human rights emerged especially after World War II when the harm extended to the human race was observed (Halderman, page 275, 1979). This was the time after which United Nations emerged as a peace making body, and its task was to make sure that wars were avoided as much as possible and matters of dispute were tried based on talks and discussions rather than wars, which cause immense loss to human life and infrastructure alike. Recently, the aims of United Nations include the security and well-be ing of people and larger bodies, including states that are its members. Its work is extended on the micro scale to humanitarian assistance, to ensure equality and well-being to humans living across the world. It also undergoes economic and social developments of states. This is done by providing infrastructure to the poorer nations that are its members. In addition, it can bring this about by abolishing some unfair practices that exists in certain areas, a very popular example of which is child labor. United Nations funds its projects through some of the member states. The function of United Nations is debatable due to differences of interests of different groups of individuals. Hence, their different actions can be debated on basis of

Does Google Make Us Stupid Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Does Google Make Us Stupid - Essay Example .......................................................... 15 10. Recommendations.......................................................................................................... 16 Reference 1. Introduction The internet has become one of the most pervasive technologies used and enjoyed by almost all people in the planet. It is also a media upon which various technologies, including search engines and social networking sites are being borne and developed. Google is one of these technologies. It is a search engine which was established in order to browse through the internet and search for information and for links into the different available interactions in the electronic world. The ease upon which information has been made available through Google has been a source of controversy among researchers and intellectuals, arguing that it is a technology which has now made people stupid. However, other intellectuals would also argue in the opposite direction, proclaiming that Goo gle does not make people, stupid; instead, it makes them smart and more imaginative in their knowledge about and of the world. This study shall discuss whether or not Google makes people stupid. First, a brief description of Google shall be introduced in this paper. Second, an analysis of the reasons why Google is making us stupid shall be presented. Third, an analysis of the reasons why Google is not making us stupid shall also be presented. Fourth, a position on this issue shall be discussed based on an analysis of the previous discussions and arguments. Lastly, a conclusion and summary shall end this discussion. Body 2. Brief history of Google In 1996, Stanford University graduate students Larry Page and Sergey Brin established their search engine known as ‘BackRub.† This search...It is a search engine which was established in order to browse through the internet and search for information and for links into the different available interactions in the electronic world . The ease upon which information has been made available through Google has been a source of controversy among researchers and intellectuals, arguing that it is a technology which has now made people stupid. However, other intellectuals would also argue in the opposite direction, proclaiming that Google does not make people, stupid; instead, it makes them smart and more imaginative in their knowledge about and of the world. This study shall discuss whether or not Google makes people stupid. First, a brief description of Google shall be introduced in this paper. Second, an analysis of the reasons why Google is making us stupid shall be presented. Third, an analysis of the reasons why Google is not making us stupid shall also be presented. Fourth, a position on this issue shall be discussed based on an analysis of the previous discussions and arguments. Lastly, a conclusion and summary shall end this discussion. Body 2. Brief history of Google In 1996, Stanford University graduate students Larry Page and Sergey Brin established their search engine known as ‘BackRub.† This search engine used various links to establish the importance of distinct web pages (Google, n.d).

How well do you communicate Essay Example for Free

How well do you communicate Essay I am considered to be a communicative person who established an outstanding raport with others. I am able to listen deeply to people,to help them ,to share my experience with them. Many of them tell me I am a good listener and when I talk they usually listen to me. What is important for a good communication? You need to take into consideration the point of view of others. I respect their opinion,but I respect my opinion as well. . I understand how people interpret my communicative style and I am able to avoid misunderstanding. I sometimes handle children hassles effectively. People usually understand my thoughts and I can nderstand theirs.. The tone of my voice sometimes communicates how I feel about my partner. Determining a communication problem is not very hard for me and I am often able to resolve it. I usually speak in a gentle manner,to give an impression of kindness. I often stay calm in tense situations. I can express my feelings and tell people close to me how much I care about them. My relationship with my family is full of emotion and devotion. Many people think I am a friendly and expansive person. I often know how to cooperate with them and they usually do what I want them to do. Read more:  Reasons why people communicate  essay However,I have not always been so successful. I was shy when I was younger and did not speak with assertion. It was hard for me to express my thoughts,it was hard for others to know how I felt about something. Later,I improved my communication skills. During my experience,I began to speak louder and people could understand me. I listened to others more carefully. I learned that it is important to avoid passive style of communication. I also learned to speak with more assertion because my own opinion is as important as the opinion of other people. I usually tell people to stay calm in unpleasant situations in order to avoid misunderstanding or aggressive communication. This style enables me to communicate effectively. I discovered that my body language and some gestures I made earlier affected my communication in a bad way. Eye contact is extremely important as it shows respect and interest for the person you are talking to. In addition to this,posture is another important aspect of dealing with others and sometimes it affected my communication. I learned to get my posture right which made me feel better. By finding out the major cause of communication breakdown,I could easily improve it. Being aware of the importance of a successful communication,I am trying to find the ways to improve my communication skills. For example,using body language may lead to great communication. This is especially useful when I am not sure how to start a conversation. In addition to this,I need to be clear about what I want to communicate. I also need to be confident that the information if useful and accurate. By successfully getting my message accross,I convey my thoughts effectively .

AIDS :: Free AIDS Essays

AIDS Is the message getting through? We already know enough about AIDS to prevent its spread, but ignorance, complacency, fear and bigotry continue to stop many from taking adequate precautions. We know enough about how the infection is transmitted to protect ourselves from it without resorting to such extremes as mandatory testing, enforced quarantine or total celibacy. But too few people are heeding the AIDS message. Perhaps many simply don't like or want to believe what they hear, preferring to think that AIDS "can't happen to them." Experts repeatedly remind us that infective agents do not discriminate, but can infect any and everyone. Like other communicable diseases, AIDS can strike anyone. It is not necessarily confined to a few high-risk groups. We must all protect ourselves from this infection and teach our children about it in time to take effective precautions. Given the right measures, no one need get AIDS. The pandemic continues: Many of us have forgotten about the virulence of widespread epidemics, such as the 1917/18 influenza pandemic which killed over 21 million people, including 50,000 Canadians. Having been lulled into false security by modern antibiotics and vaccines about our ability to conquer infections, the Western world was ill prepared to cope with the advent of AIDS in 1981. (Retro- spective studies now put the first reported U.S. case of AIDS as far back as 1968.) The arrival of a new and lethal virus caught us off guard. Research suggests that the agent responsible for AIDS probably dates from the 1950s, with a chance infection of humans by a modified Simian virus found in African green monkeys. Whatever its origins, scientists surmise that the disease spread from Africa to the Caribbean and Europe, then to the U.S. Current estimates are that 1.5 to 2 million Americans are now probably HIV carriers, with higher numbers in Central Africa and parts of the Caribbean. Recapping AIDS - the facts: --------------------------- AIDS is an insidious, often fatal but less contagious disease than measles, chicken pox or hepatitis B. AIDS is thought to be caused primarily by a virus that invades white blood cells (lymphocytes) - especially T4-lymphocytes or T-helper cells - and certain other body cells, including the brain. In 1983 and 1984, French and U.S. researchers independently identified the virus believed to cause AIDS as an unusual type of slow-acting retrovirus now called "human immunodeficiency virus" or HIV. Like other viruses, HIV is basically a tiny package of genes. But being a retrovirus, it has the rare capacity to copy and insert its genes right into a human cell's own chromosomes (DNA). AIDS :: Free AIDS Essays AIDS Is the message getting through? We already know enough about AIDS to prevent its spread, but ignorance, complacency, fear and bigotry continue to stop many from taking adequate precautions. We know enough about how the infection is transmitted to protect ourselves from it without resorting to such extremes as mandatory testing, enforced quarantine or total celibacy. But too few people are heeding the AIDS message. Perhaps many simply don't like or want to believe what they hear, preferring to think that AIDS "can't happen to them." Experts repeatedly remind us that infective agents do not discriminate, but can infect any and everyone. Like other communicable diseases, AIDS can strike anyone. It is not necessarily confined to a few high-risk groups. We must all protect ourselves from this infection and teach our children about it in time to take effective precautions. Given the right measures, no one need get AIDS. The pandemic continues: Many of us have forgotten about the virulence of widespread epidemics, such as the 1917/18 influenza pandemic which killed over 21 million people, including 50,000 Canadians. Having been lulled into false security by modern antibiotics and vaccines about our ability to conquer infections, the Western world was ill prepared to cope with the advent of AIDS in 1981. (Retro- spective studies now put the first reported U.S. case of AIDS as far back as 1968.) The arrival of a new and lethal virus caught us off guard. Research suggests that the agent responsible for AIDS probably dates from the 1950s, with a chance infection of humans by a modified Simian virus found in African green monkeys. Whatever its origins, scientists surmise that the disease spread from Africa to the Caribbean and Europe, then to the U.S. Current estimates are that 1.5 to 2 million Americans are now probably HIV carriers, with higher numbers in Central Africa and parts of the Caribbean. Recapping AIDS - the facts: --------------------------- AIDS is an insidious, often fatal but less contagious disease than measles, chicken pox or hepatitis B. AIDS is thought to be caused primarily by a virus that invades white blood cells (lymphocytes) - especially T4-lymphocytes or T-helper cells - and certain other body cells, including the brain. In 1983 and 1984, French and U.S. researchers independently identified the virus believed to cause AIDS as an unusual type of slow-acting retrovirus now called "human immunodeficiency virus" or HIV. Like other viruses, HIV is basically a tiny package of genes. But being a retrovirus, it has the rare capacity to copy and insert its genes right into a human cell's own chromosomes (DNA).

Essay julius ceaser brutus villain or hero

Hero is not Just a title and to be a true hero it takes more than getting your elderly neighbors cat out of the tree. Throughout the play it is also safe to say Brutes Is not a villain. The best category for Brutes falls under the personnel of a tragic hero. Throughout the play it is obvious to the reader that Brutes is loved by most, including Caesar. Secondly, Brutes revolves his actions around the people of Rome and less his own wants/needs. Lastly, he can not be classified a true hero because of the violence that leads him to â€Å"victory†.In the play the characteristic of tragic hero easily connect o Brutes making it very easy to demonstrate why that Is the best title for Brutes. It Is safe to say Brutes Is not a hero from head to toe. Some of his acts Inflict tragedy on others and Inflict pain on him self. Brutes causes much pain to people close to Caesar such as California and Antonym â€Å"O mighty Caesar! Dost thou Ill so low? Are all thy conquests, glories, triumph s, spoils, shrunk to this little measure? Fare thee well. † (Shakespeare In 148-150 act 3 sin 1). This shows that Brutes â€Å"Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more. (Shakespeare In 22-23 act 3 sin 2) is not hinging about the entire Rome but only the majority. This means that through some eyes Brutes is a villain. On the other hand the majority see him as a savior of Rome and he truly believes that what he has done to Caesar and those close to Caesar is for the better of the people. It is clear what Brutes goal is and as we learn he is setting out to accomplish that goal. It seems to be a fairly straight forward but it is not told to the reader that Brutes seems to be a good representation of the roman people. This means that he is a favorite throughout Rome.In Career's final words â€Å"Et u, Brute! Then fall Caesar! † (Shakespeare In 77 act 3 sin 1) shows that even though Brutes is the killer of Caesar, Caesar trusted Brutes. Caesar is a good repre sentation of Rome and what most think of Brutes. With this power Cassias uses Brutes to help leave an opening in Caesar spot. Some may think that by killing Caesar this makes Brutes a hero but as we know the killing of Caesar does not please everyone in Rome. Brutes is a well known and loved man in Rome and the fact that he kills Caesar brings out a naive side of him.Cassias uses Brutes to open up a spot for himself. Brutes does not see that this is what Cassias is doing and is suddenly in a spot he might not have originally been in if it wasn't for Cassias. The murder of Caesar brings out the corruption of Rome and suddenly turns to battle with Rome torn. â€Å"Defiance, traitors, hurl we in your teeth: If you dare fight to-day, come to the field† (Shakespeare In 65-66 act 5 sin 1). This shows how Brutes killing of Caesar seemed to be good but after all raised more chaos than Intended, therefore making him a tragic hero.In the paragraphs above it Is clear that Brutes Is not a Hero nor a villain but a tragic ere. The definition of a tragic hero Is a great or virtuous character In a dramatic tragedy that Is destined for downfall. Brutes Is a powerful man but seems to be a little naive about where he stands In Rome and who he stands for or with. Brutes seems to do a lot for the roman people, and putting them In front of himself. Lastly not all that Brutes does Is good for everyone making him not a true hero. This explains why Brutes is caught in the middle of hero and villain. Say Julius creaser brutes villain or hero By battlefronts neighbors cat out of the tree. Throughout the play it is also safe to say Brutes is not that leads him to â€Å"victory'. In the play the characteristic of tragic hero easily connect to Brutes making it very easy to demonstrate why that is the best title for Brutes. It is safe to say Brutes is not a hero from head to toe. Some of his acts inflict tragedy on others and inflict pain on him self. Brutes causes much pain to peop le close to Caesar such as California and Antonym â€Å"O mighty Caesar! Dost thou lie so low? Are all leave an opening in Career's spot.Some may think that by killing Caesar this makes after all raised more chaos than intended, therefore making him a tragic hero. In the paragraphs above it is clear that Brutes is not a Hero nor a villain but a tragic hero. The definition of a tragic hero is a great or virtuous character in a dramatic tragedy that is destined for downfall. Brutes is a powerful man but seems to be a little naive about where he stands in Rome and who he stands for or with. Brutes seems to do a lot for the roman people, and putting them in front of himself. Lastly not all that Brutes does is good for everyone making him not a true hero. This

A Semiotic Analysis of a Newspaper Story Essay

A logical place to start may be to ask ‘what is news?’ Professor Jonathan Bignell suggests that ‘news is not just facts, but representations produced in language and other signs like photographs.’ The newspaper is just one medium of news communication; other media include television, radio, magazines, and the Internet. We will concentrate on a particular news item as covered in three different British daily newspapers, namely The Sun, The Telegraph, and The Times. The story which is being covered is that of the death of a female police officer who was stabbed by a man whilst she was on duty. The medium of the newspaper is particularly interesting as signifiers are presented simultaneously thus offering a concrete display of signs which the reader can consume at their own pace and can also be re-read, as opposed to television or radio news which can only be watched or listened to at particular times. The process of selection is central to the production of all newspapers. This involves selecting events which are considered to be worthy of being printed as news, and excluding news which is considered to be irrelevant, insignificant or unworthy of news coverage. Thus news is a social construct dependent on what is deemed to be important by those who work in the ‘news industry’ based on certain codes of behaviour which have been learned by news workers in order to do their job. The codes of behaviour which have been learnt by news workers undoubtedly depend on the particular newspaper for which they are working. It could be suggested that in British society most adults would be aware of the conventions of different newspapers. We will attempt to examine the types of sign systems within which a particular news story is encoded in a selection of newspapers, and how these different sign systems may affect meaning. It is clear when looking at The Sun, The Telegraph, and The Times articles, which were all published on Saturday, April 18th, 1998 that each newspaper attaches significance to different news items. This is made clear by looking at the front pages of each newspaper, with The Sun’s main front page story concentrating on the relationship of Patsy Kensit and Liam Gallagher, compared to The Telegraph’s main story which concentrates on a ‘shake-up’ of scientific committees that advise government ministers on food safety; and The Times main front page story which covers the story of the new National Lottery Big Ticket show which is facing the BBC ‘axe’ . Although we will not be concentrating on the comparison of the front pages of the newspapers in this term paper, these examples demonstrate how drastically the different newspapers differ in what constitutes front-page news. The examples also demonstrate the interpretation of newspaper conventions, as we analyse the stories which are considered to be the intended main news of the front-page. As can be seen with the front page of The Sun the main story is clear as it dominates most of the available space on the front-page. However, with the other newspapers the distinction is not quite as clear. The main criteria when deciding on which was the main story of the front-pages of The Telegraph and The Times was the size of the typeface of the headline. This emphasises that the reader comes to the newspaper with a set of codes with which to decode the text, and these codes may differ from individual to individual. This leads to the point that the text is open to a variety of interpretations depending on the ideological standpoint of the reader, and whether the reader is familiar with the newspaper and the codes which. it employs to communicate the ‘news’ which it has selected. Connotations of the linguistic and visual signs which are presented by newspapers are central to the meaning of the news item to the reader. The connotations of the news item are perceived within a coded framework and there are recognisable codes within different newspapers. It is clear that different newspapers use particular narrative codes when representing the same item of news. This can be seen in the three headlines which refer to the particular news item which I have chosen to examine. The Sun headline states ‘SCANDAL OF PSYCHO FREED TO KILL HERO COP NINN’, The Telegraph – ‘WPc was knifed to death after removing armour’, and The Times – ‘WPc paid with her life for dedication to duty.’ Each of these narrative codes used in the headlines instantly provide a framework on which to build the meaning of the news item. The headlines are linguistic syntagms which aim to attract the attention of the reader to the topic of the news st ory, and the linguistic signs which are employed in the headline suggest to the reader the appropriate codes which are needed to understand or decode the news item. It is clear that the newspapers use different linguistic codes as a means of representing the news item. The Times and The Telegraph are similar in their use of language. However, both differ dramatically with The Sun. It is clear that The Sun uses orally based vocabulary, and dramatic and sensational language. This can be seen in the first sentence of the news item, which reads ‘A. violent cop-hating nut killed brave WPC Nina Mackay after a catastrophic catalogue of blunders by Crown prosecutors and police allowed him to roam free.’ The article also employs alliteration for emphasis , as in ‘catastrophic catalogue’ and ‘scandal of psycho’. The linguistic codes of the news item certainly connote speech which in turn connotes familiarity, informality, and camaraderie. The article also implies familiarity with the victim (We Nina Mackay) who is referred to throughout as ‘Nina’ where as a distance is created between the reader and the offender who is referred to throughout by his surname, Elgizouli. This code of familiarity is significantly different to that which is employed by The Telegraph and The Times who refer to the victim either in her professional capacity (WPc Nina Mackay) or by her full name. However, it is perhaps significant that the offender is referred to by his surname in all of the different representations of the news items. This strategy of distancing the reader from the criminal is blatantly employed by all three of the newspapers, clearly suggesting that the preferred reading of the texts should involve no sympathy with the offender. Another drastic difference between the newspaper representations of the news item are the typographic devices used to break up the text. Again, The Sun differs dramatically to The Telegraph and The Times using bold text to start the article, serving to extend the role of the headline in attracting the attention of the reader to the topic of the news story. The use of bold and one word sub-headings which are employed throughout the text serve to direct the reader in making meaning of the text and make blatantly obvious the points which the newspaper deem to be of particular significance to the understanding of the news item. The Telegraph and The Times do not employ the same typographic codes as The Sun, apart from bold type which is used for the headline, and the bold type used to name the journalist/s of the article. The narrative of the news story uses the same type and size of font throughout the item. Arguably, this connotes authority and formality to the reader which is also demonstrated by the fairly long sentences, the correct spellings and the lack of colloquial language such as ‘cop’ which is used in The Sun. This perhaps implies that the ‘quality’ press such as The Times and The Telegraph provide better news than tabloids such as The Sun. However, this kind of value judgement is inappropriate as both types of newspaper are constructions of the news with the ‘quality’ newspapers aiming to connote authority and formality and the ‘popular’ tabloids aiming to connote an attitude of ‘telling it how it is.’ Thus both types of representation of the news items present mythic meanings. Linguistic and typographic codes are not the only codes employed in news discourse. Graphic codes must also be considered. The photographs used in the press have also undergone a process of selection. One image will be chosen over another as it connotes a message that the selectors of the photograph want to communicate. Barthes (cited in Bagnell, 1977:98) suggests that the newspaper photograph is ‘an object that has been worked on, chosen, composed, constructed, treated according to professional, aesthetic or ideological norms which are so many factors of connotation.’ The ‘treatment’ of photographs which is referred to by Barthes can be seen in the different newspapers which I have chosen. Interestingly, each version of the news item has used the same photographs, but treated them differently according to the required connotation. Each representation uses the same picture of the victim in her police uniform looking directly at the camera, and the same pictu re of the offender looking vacant and away from the camera. Again, The Times and The Telegraph use similar codes, and The Sun employs a drastically different strategy despite using the same original photographs. The most drastic difference is that The Sun presents the photographs in colour, connoting realism and the dangerousness of the offender. This is also connoted by the size of the photographs, with the graphic representation dominating a large proportion of the overall available space on the page, which is another drastic difference between The Sun’s representation of the news item and the other two newspapers. Despite these major differences it is significant that the newspapers have all used the same photographs, and it is interesting to look at why these particular photographs might have been chosen. Paradigmatically, photographs involve connotations, and thus the significance of the particular photographs which have been chosen can be seen more clearly when considering what other paradigmatic connotations might have appeared in their place. For example the connotations of the picture of the police officer would change considerably if she was not in uniform. Likewise, the connotations of the picture would change if the offender was looking directly at the camera and smiling, instead he is pictured looking away from the camera with a blank expression, connoting lack of emotion. The contrasted pairs which seem to be involved in the paradigms are innocence and guilt, justice and injustice. These contrasted pairs are made more clear by the way in which the meanings of the photographs are anchored in a small amount of text beneath the photographs. The Times offers its own contrasted pair in the text beneath the pictures, namely ‘killer’ and ‘killed’. As Bignell (1997:99) suggests, the caption underneath the picture enables the reader to ‘load down the image with particular cultural meanings and the photograph functions as the proof that the text’s message is true.’ The pictures are also shown in different contexts in the three newspapers with The Sun using a different strategy to The Telegraph and The Times. The Telegraph and The Times use similar sized pictures of the individuals involved. In The Sun the size of the photographs of the individuals differ considerably with the ‘killer’ being represented as significantly bigger than the ‘killed’. Also, the photograph of the police officer is presented in a photograph-like frame connoting sentimentality, and elevating her position in comparison to the ‘killer’. This emotionalism is carried over into the other picture which The Sun represents which shows the coffin of the police officer being carried by her colleagues. This is a cultural sign which most readers will be able to relate to, and connotes sympathy, tragedy and injustice. This discussion of several newspapers’ representations of the same news item show how semiotic analysis can determine the meanings of such news items, as a result of the linguistic and visual signs used within the texts. However, semiotic analysis cannot determine how an individual reader might interpret the representations of the news items in a real social context. Semiotic analysis does offer an insight into the factors at work in the production of a news item and distinguishes the various codes which are employed by different types of newspaper when representing a particular news item.

Perioperative Surgical Observation essays

Perioperative Surgical Observation essays Perioperative Surgical Observation: From Operating Room Number Eight to Recovery Number Nine I had waited all semester for this day. I could hardly sleep the night before due to the anticipation. I was to visit Middle Tennessee Medical Center and follow a patient throughout the phases of surgery including preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative. I found each phase to be equally hectic, technical and important for the safety of the patient. The patient that I followed throughout her operative experience was no stranger to surgery. She was a twenty-three-year old woman with a history of three prior surgeries: two cesarean sections, tubal ligation and on this day was scheduled for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to cholelithiasis and cholecystitis. The patient had complaints of pain in the epigastric region ranging from crampy to sharp and radiating to the back. Prior to surgery the patient stated she had high hopes that this surgery would cure her pain. When I arrived at 6:35 a.m., the patient was already in the holding area with an intravenous catheter inserted, warming blankets on, identification band in place on her right wrist, and a signed consent in the chart. The nurses in the holding area had already questioned the patient regarding allergies and none were noted. The patient also stated that she had been compliant with the preparation regime of no food or drink after midnight. Upon assessment, I found the patient to have no jewelry, dentures or pacemaker to insure safety during surgery. The intravenous catheter was a 20 gauge located in the left hand and was being infused with lactated ringer ¡Ã‚ ¯s intravenous fluid. Also infusing via piggyback was Ancef 1 gram, a first generation Cephalosporin antiinfective used as a surgical prophylaxis against postoperative infection. In addition to Ancef, the nurse in the holding area gave the patient four other medications including Zantac 50 milligrams (mg) give...

Grammar Tips Subjectâ€Verb Agreement - Proofread My Paper

Grammar Tips Subject–Verb Agreement - Proofread My Paper Grammar Tips: Subject–Verb Agreement An important part of writing a grammatical sentence is making sure that the subject and verb in a sentence agree. In the following, well take a look at some of the basics. The Basics of Subject–Verb Agreement In the present tense, subject–verb agreement requires using singular verbs with singular subjects and plural verbs with plural subjects. In this context, the â€Å"subject† is the person or thing in the sentence performing the action, while the verb is the action being performed: Singular Subject Present Tense Singular Verb The bird†¦ †¦sings. Plural Subject Present Tense Plural Verb The birds†¦ †¦sing. In the simple past tense, though, there’s usually no difference between singular and plural verbs: Singular Subject Past Tense Verb The bird†¦ †¦sang. Plural Subject Past Tense Verb The birds†¦ †¦sang. Songbirds themselves care little for grammar.(Photo: Georg_Wietschorke) Compound Subjects Subject–verb agreement becomes more complicated when using a compound subject. When two subjects are joined with the coordinating conjunction â€Å"and,† we always use a plural verb: Bob and Cheryl are going to the game. However, when using â€Å"either/or† or â€Å"neither/nor† in a compound subject, whether to use a singular or plural verb depends on the term nearest to the verb: Singular: Either the girls or the boy is going to the game. Plural: Neither the boy nor the girls are going to the game. In the above, we use the singular â€Å"is† when the singular noun â€Å"boy† comes after â€Å"or,† but the plural verb â€Å"are† when the plural noun â€Å"girls† comes after the conjunction. Parenthetical Statements One common mistake with subject–verb agreement occurs when a parenthetical statement appears between the subject and the verb: The man, in the company of his dog, goes for a walk. Here, we use the singular verb â€Å"goes† because the bit of the dog is mentioned within a parenthetical clause (i.e., within commas), not as part of the subject of the sentence. If we rephrased this so that the dog was part of a compound subject, we would use the plural verb â€Å"go† instead: The man and his dog go for a walk. But when an additional person or thing is mentioned in parentheses or within commas, the verb should always agree with the subject that appears outside of the parenthetical clause. A man trying to explain parenthetical statements to his dog.(Photo: ToNic-Pics) Collective and Mass Nouns Another potential confusion relates to the use of collective nouns. In American English, these require using a singular verb despite referring to a group of things: The team is playing to win! Here, we use â€Å"is† because â€Å"team† is singular. Mass (or â€Å"non-count†) nouns are similar, since they take singular verbs despite referring to a mass substance (e.g., â€Å"milk† or â€Å"sand†): The milk is going sour. Here, it doesn’t matter how much milk we’re discussing: we’d always use the singular â€Å"is.† Some Exceptions As usual in English, there are exceptions to the rules above. The first-person â€Å"I† and the singular second-person â€Å"you,† for example, reverse the usual rules in the present tense (e.g., we say â€Å"I sing† not â€Å"I sings,† even though â€Å"I† is singular and â€Å"sing† is usually a plural verb). Auxiliary (or â€Å"helper†) verbs (e.g., â€Å"is†/â€Å"are† or â€Å"has†/â€Å"have†) also cause trouble, since they often change depending on whether the subject is singular or plural when using a past participle (e.g., â€Å"The boy has finished his homework† vs. â€Å"The boys have finished their homework†). And since the rules do vary depending on how a sentence is constructed, it pays to be careful with subject–verb agreement! Having your work proofread is a good idea if you’re not confident about this aspect of grammar.

Report on the case study Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

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Swan lake - Essay Example The performance seemed to have been based on expression of the early and the late 1800’s Romantic ballets. The actors’ body movements, their facial expressions as well as the performance costumes, perfectly matched those that were used in during the era of Romantic Ballets of the 1800’s. Apart from the costumes, facial expressions and body movements, the actors also had facial and body make-ups that gave the Swan Lake performance a mood of the late and the 1800’s where, majority of the actors were women, with sharply painted lips, properly defined and eyebrows. On the other hand, men were also decorated with different make-ups that defined their age differences as well as social status. Additionally, the performance had a perfectly coherent classical background music that gave its audience various moods. The music generally gave a feeling of sadness added by the sad facial expression exhibited by some of the actors. In terms of lighting, the performance involved the use of different lighting colors, basically indicating the different moods of the idea passed across by the actors. The lighting was properly integrated with the background music in the sense that when, the music played at a faster frequency, a different background light was flashed. The performance had a happy ending, usually evident in most love stories. This is another feature that gave it a feel of the Romantic ballets that were common in the early and the late 1800’s. In as much as the performance had various features associated with Romantic ballets, the there was too much use of certain colors specifically, the white color that was used majorly by the lady actors. This color was too conspicuous and created a sense of boredom. In addition, there were some dull colors used by the male actors that made the performance quite dull and boring, thus reducing the overall quality of the performance

The World Largest Brand Name Apparel Marketers Marketing Essay

The World Largest Brand Name Apparel Marketers Marketing Essay Levis Strauss and Company is one of the world largest brand-name apparel marketers. Levis Strauss and Company is one of the successful Jeanswear shop in America States. The innovation of the rivets in the jeans differentiated Levis jeans from others because of its increased durability. (Levis) The Fast changes in consumer tastes, competition from both lower and higher-end brands, the fast development in the modern distribution and sales technology has brought about a continuing loss of market share. (Levi Strauss Co. Marketing Plan) Levis Strauss and company was established in 1873, Levis jeans are the original, authentic jeans. They are the most successful, widely recognized and often imitated clothing products clothing product in the history of apparel. Over successive generations, Levis jeans have captured the attention, imagination and loyalty of diverse individuals. (Levis) As the inventor of the category, the Levis brand continues to define jean wear with the widest range of products available, from quintessential class such as the famous Levis 501 Original jean, to favorite fits and styles in the Red Tab and premium collections. (Levis) 1.1 Mission To sustain responsible commercial success as a global marketing company of branded apparel. They must Balance goals of superior profitability and return in investment, leadership market positions and superior product and services. They will conduct their business ethically and demonstrate leadership in satisfying their responsibilities to their communication and to society. (Levi Strauss Co. Marketing Plan) 1.2 Vision Levis Strauss brands are filled with examples of the key role their value have played in meeting consumer needs. Four core values are at the heart of Levi Strauss Co Empathy, Originality, Integrity and Courage. These four values are linked. As Levis look at their history, a story of how Levis core values work together and are the source of their success. Likewise, Levis brands embody many of the core values that consumers live by. This is why Levis brands have stood the test of time. 2. Objective The objectives of Levis brand continues to define Jeanswear with the widest range of product available, from quintessential classics, such as the famous Levis Original jean, to favourite fits and styles in Red Tab and premium collections. Levis jeans have captured the attention, imagination, and loyalty of generations of diverse individuals. The brand has continues received critical acclaim from industry insiders. The brands profile is growing internationally. Levis Strauss and company next target focus to expand more in different city flagship store. To review Levis Jeanswear market situation of the global highlighting the competitive positions and branding strategies of the market. To identify the successful branding strategies Levis Jeanswear has employed to achieve its dominant market position. To evaluate on the effectiveness of Levis Jeanswear branding strategies in sustaining its sales performance. 3. Situation Analysis Situation analysis is a marketing term, and involves evaluating the situation and trends in particular companys market. Situation analysis is often called the three C, which refers to the three major elements that are Company, Customers, and Competition. Company Despite these reductions Levi Strauss Company had most of its early success because the firm was behaving monopolistically. The company patented the riveted jeans, increasing durability, and gaining popularity. Levis Strauss Co. maintained its corporate responsible image and progressive stance on social, labor, and environmental issues, which may have long run profit opportunities. Customers There is many Levis Jeanswear loyalty to maintain existing customers. Levis Jeanswear is the youthfulness of their brand jeans. The 501 product line and the Red Tab collection offer jeans that appeal to younger consumers competing with the high-end jean competitors. Competition Competitors successfully were able to take from Levis market due to heavy advertising and branding. Branding was especially effective for companies like Calvin Klein that targeted high-end consumers. Levis jeans may be physically the same as its competitor physically competitors, consumer preferences are affected by brand name. 3.1 SWOT analysis Levis opportunities and threats Levis Strauss, Levis Strauss Co. is one of the worlds largest brand-name apparel marketers with sales in more than 110 countries. There is no other company with a comparable global presence in the jeans and casual pants markets. Nowadays Levi Strauss develops technological higher production and coordination activities. In addition, Levi Strauss also develop new website is convenient for consumers shopping and also develop new products and services. The constant of threats is possible recession and people less likely to spend money on trend items and economic downturns in some countries. Bad economic is also an issue for Levis Strauss such as recession and the weakness of currency, people are likely to spend lesson trend items. Other than that, increasing competition from product of the higher end of the market and price wars with competitor. 3.2 Value chain analysis Support activities Primary activities Primary activities Inbound logistics: Inbound Logistics is the transportation planning in one of the major business processes. In order to achieve operational excellence, increase the merger, Levis Strauss plans common needs and external traffic inbound logistics, receiving their suppliers purchase. They stored goods production or assembly line needs. Goods may move around the organization. Operations: At this stage of product assembly or manufacturing. Self is co-produced fashion industry packaging. The design of the packaging represents the image of Levis Strauss. Outbound logistics: Collect, store and distribute the product to send along the supply chain to retailers in different countries. The retailers will send goods to outlets. Marketing and sales: The marketing communication strategies are the best ways to deliver message to consumers that Levis Strauss applied were advertising through the magazines, bill board and fashion show. Prepared to provide targeted, in order to meet consumer demand. Service: To fulfill consumers desirable, that are some things should have to concern on these; consumer always has clothes fitness problems, thus after sales service is important to exchange the size of Jeanswear or modify it. Other than that, to provide stuffs training how to service difference behavior of consumers and updating their Jeanswear information. Support activities Procurement: Levis Strauss needs of all the goods, services and materials procurement. This is because for the lowest possible price to buy the highest quality possible. This includes outsourcing that is usually done in-house business for the same from other companies and use of IT and networking technology to achieve procurement goals. Technology development: The innovation of technologies helps the Levis Strauss to sustain competitive advantage. Technology is an important of the competitive advantage. Human resources management: Levis Strauss is guided by a strong growth strategy in managing and developing its human resource capacity. Potential employees are evaluated in terms of their alignment to the companys winning characteristics which are directly linked to the Levis business strategies, mission and vision of integrity, courage, empathy and originality. Firm infrastructure: The formal systems of planning finance quality control, information management and the structures and routines that are part of an organizations culture. 3.3 PEST analysis The remote environment comprises factors that originate beyond and usually irrespective of, any single firms operating section: political, economic, social and technological factors. That environment presents firms with opportunities, threats, and constraints, but rarely does a single firm exert any meaningful reciprocal influence. Political factor: Political factor is very important to make sure the growth of the clothing industry in America States. With the peaceful environment, America States became one of the worlds attractive fashion destinations. (Easy club) Economic Factor: One of the main beneficiaries of the recession is the value clothing sector as consumers spend most on discretionary items with increased caution. According to Verdict forecasts, America States clothing spends in 2009 had declined 0.6%. However, estimation that value clothing sales will grow by 5.0%. Grocers are expected to make further gains in 2009 and increase their share of the value clothing market to 34.2%. In long term, the gains that grocers to be made will prove a further threat to value clothing specialists by improving store environments and fully exploiting multichannel capabilities. Social factor: Americans become more enjoy fashion nowadays; they will conservative and old-fashioned image of traditional shops. They prefer on those shops with a trendier image, such as Levis older and often affluent consumers remain fashion conscious. Technological factor: Levis have combined the four core technology are at the heart of Levis Strauss Co Empathy, Originality, Integrity and Courage, durable and easy to care for. However, further technology on textile with other characteristics will produce, such as cellulite-reducing hosiery or moisturizing properties. Prices are likely to increase as the result of these changes in the textile technology, therefore assisting in growing the value of the market. 3.4 Porters 5 Forces Industry Competitive: Jeanswear industry is characterized by small fashion 501, but there has been a recent trend towards consolidation and economies of scale. Businesses compete on price, quality, differentiation and relationship with key suppliers. However, there are not many players that establish a reputation for bringing style and innovation to the high street. Due to this Levis has the advantage of being a high streets retail phenomenon. Bargaining power of suppliers: Suppliers do not have much bargaining the fashion industry because their products and their commercial nature of the sales forces of developed markets. Can affect the garment industry from the original input price fluctuations, but the change is a global determinants of supply and demand, rather than the bargaining power of suppliers caused. Bargaining power of customers: The buyers power is significant in that buyers can force prices down, demand higher quality products or services, and, in essence, play competitors against one another, all resulting in potential loss of industry profits. Buyers exercise more power when they are large-volume buyers, the product is a significant aspect of the buyers costs or purchases, the products are standard within Jeanswear industry, there are few changing or switching costs, the buyers earn low profits, potential for backward integration of the buyer group exists, the Jeanswear is not essential to the buyers product, and the buyer has full disclosure about supply, demand, prices, and costs. (Reference for business) Threat of new entrants: New entrants can also expect a barrier in the form of government policy through federal and state regulations and licensing. New firms can expect retaliation from existing companies and also face changing barriers related to technology, strategic planning within the industry, and manpower and expertise problems. Threat of Substituted: The substitute product in fashion industry is low. Every individual needs to wear clothes in their daily activities to prevent cold and harmful to their skin. There is no substitute other than wear clothes. The only alternative is individual can make clothes their own but this alternative rarely happen. 3.5 Ansoff matrix Existing Product New Product Existing Market New Market In Ansoff Matrix, Levis Strauss is currently in position of market penetration as Levis Strauss intends to sell its existing markets to maintain or increase the market share of current product. This can be achieved by a combination of competitive pricing strategies, advertising, sales promotion and perhaps more resources dedicated to personal selling. Other than that, increase usage by existing customer by introducing loyalty schemes; the business is focusing on markets and product it knows well. It is likely to have good information on competitors and on customer needs. On the other hand, Levis Strauss also in different position of market development intends to sell its existing product into new markets in different countries. In this stage, Levis Strauss is facing medium-high risk in entering new market as there in many popular clothes retailer in the market. The issues of new geographical, product packaging, distribution channels and different pricing policies to attract different customer or create a new market segments that is Levi Strauss planning to enter must also take into consideration. Therefore, Levis Strauss takes risk segmentation into different countries. 3.6 Porters Generic Strategies Cost Differentiation Broad Narrow Levi Strauss is paining to employ differentiation strategy to make Levis Jeanswear to be more common, Levis Strauss provides Levis 501 Original Jeanswear for men, women, teens, and children. Since launching the campaign, worldwide sales of 501 jeans have increased substantially. Although it is encouraging to see the flagship 501 line growing again, these sales increases were not incremental. So everyone is a potential customer for Levis. Levis generally appeals to more mature generations not necessarily looking to make a fashion statement. Levis makes an effort to appeal to all customers in one way or another, which been a key to their success over the years. 4. Evaluation of Suitability The suitability of the strategic options is assessed based on their compatibility with the current competitive environment of the fashion industry, Levis own corporate vision and mission and how it would sustain or improve the competitive position of the organisation. Strategic Position Concept To understand Strategy must address PEST Key environmental Driver/ Changes in industry Structure The remote environment comprises factors that originate beyond and usually irrespective of, any single firms operating section: political, economic, social and technological factors. That environment presents firms with opportunities, threats, and constraints, but rarely does a single firm exert any meaningful reciprocal influence. Porters Five-Forces Industry attractiveness competitive forces Porters essential message is that where these five forces are high, then industries are not attractive to compete in. There will be too much competition and too much pressure to allow reasonable profits. Value Chain Opportunities for vertical integration or outsourcing A value chain describes the categories of activities within and around an organisation, how Levis create a product or services 4.1 Tows matrix Levis Strauss chosen because it demonstrates how a successful company experienced great difficulties in the early 1853, but then developed a strategy that resulted in an excellent market position in the late 2003. The TOWS Matrix shown will focus on the crucial period from late 1853 to early 2003. The external threats and opportunities pertain mostly to the situation Levis Strauss faced in the United States. Strengths (S) Brand name. Access to target market with over 300 stores nationwide. Finance and access to international capital. Distribution channels and global sourcing. Weakness (W) High costs of brand protection. Lack of control over quality. Lack of control over distribution. Distribution conflicts. Opportunities (O) Largest brand-name apparel marketers with sales in more than 110 countries. Technological development higher production and coordination activities. Develop new product and services. A new market on website shipping. SO-Strategies Increase sales and supply to different countries. (S1,O1) Build technological development higher production and new production and services in different 300 stores nationwide.(S2, O2, O3) Create channels and website shipping to global sourcing. WO-Strategies High costs of production brand in markets. (W1, O1) Lack of control in technological development production and distribution. (W2, W3, O2) Improve distributor services and website shipping benefits. (W4, O3, O4) Threats (T) Possible recession and people less likely to spend money on trend items. Competition from product of the higher end of the market. Economic downturns in some countries Price wars with competitors Increasing competition. ST Meet competitors advanced design of the market. (S1, S2, T2) Economic and finance are the keys of the issue. (S3, T1, T3) Globalization increasing competitor and price wars with competitors. (S4, T4, T5) WT Reduce threat of competition by developing flexible product line. (W1, W2, W3, T1, T2) 4.2 Direction for Growth Strategic option To summarises these point from earlier section and provides examples of reasons why strategy directions or might be regarded as suitable. Strategic Environment Capability Expectations Market penetration Levi Strauss intends to sell its existing markets to maintain or increase the market share of current product. Increase usage by existing customer by introducing loyalty schemes; the business is focusing on markets and product it knows well. It is likely to have good information on competitors and on customer needs. Market development Levi Strauss is facing medium-high risk in entering new market as there in many popular clothes retailer in the market. The issues of new geographical, product packaging, distribution channels and different pricing policies to attract different customer or create a new market segments that is Levi Strauss planning to enter must also take into consideration Levi Strauss intends to sell its existing product into new markets in different countries and takes risk segmentation into different countries. Differentiation Differentiation strategy to make Levis jean to be more common. Levi Strauss provides Levis 501 Original Jeanswear for men, women, teens, and children. So everyone is a potential customer for Levis. Levis generally appeals to more mature generations not necessarily looking to make a fashion statement. Levis makes an effort to appeal to all customers in one way or another, which been a key to their success over the years. Ranking strategic options Options are assessed against key factors relating to the strategic position of the organisation and a score or ranking established for each option. Key strategic factors Strategic option Family ownership Increased globalisation Low-price imports Increased of marketing Good of quality control Increased sales Ranking Market penetration O X O X O ? B Market development X O X O X O C Differentiation O X O O O O A O=favourable; X=unfavourable;? =uncertain or irrelevant. A=most suitable; B=possible; C=unsuitable. Evaluation of Acceptability The acceptability of the strategic options is assessed based on the stakeholders expectations. 5.1 Stakeholders Expectations The stakeholders of Levis Strauss are comprised of shareholders, management, employees, suppliers, contributors and the customers. The shareholders are likely to accept all the strategies as they have already witnessed Levis Strauss successful turnaround and regain of profitability. The management built up more positive steps in achieving its vision and mission these initiatives illustrate the progress Levis Strauss have made in building strong, collaborative relationships with their wholesale customers. To working closely with these customers and developing plans to ensure Levis brands continue to be broadly accessible to consumers despite continued retail door closures and bankruptcies in the United States. On the other hand, the employees may be very supportive of the differentiation strategy and market development business simplifying measures recommended. The suppliers and contributors would have learnt by now to live with Levis Strauss differentiation strategy and market development their operations to fit themselves into Jeanswear operating style. Levis customers are likely to welcome the Jeanswear innovation capabilities with the creation of a Global Market Development Centre at their owned-and-operated manufacturing plant in different courtiers. Strategy 1- Market Development Key stakeholders Rewards Risks Shareholders Higher profit, performance, clear direction. Unpredictable economics crisis. Managers Performance, targets, growth, bonus. Cultural problems. Employees Rates of pay, high employment rate. Job security, time period. Trade unions Working conditions, wages rate. Legal requirements. Customers More Levis Jeanswear available. Ethical products. Suppliers High demand of resources. Delivery problems. Government Taxation. Explicit Federal laws in certain countries. General public Jobs, involvement, shares Environmental issues Strategy 2-Differentation Key stakeholders Rewards Risks Shareholders Higher profit, performance, clear direction. Loss. Managers Performance, targets, growth, bonus. Time consume, sales volume. Employees Rates of pay. Job security. Trade unions Working conditions, minimum wages. Legal requirements. Customers More choices, better quality and customer care. Ethical products. Suppliers High demand of resources. Government Taxation. Legislation. General public Jobs, involvement, shares. Environmental issues. Feasibility The feasibility of the three strategic options is assessed based on the Levis Strauss current resources. Current Resources The actual resources required for the implementation of the three strategies are summarized in Table 4 under four categories: (1) product/service feasibility, (2) market feasibility, (3) organizational feasibility and (4) financial feasibility. Strategy 1- Market development Key resources Analysis Product/ Service feasibility Levi Strauss market development intends to sell its existing product into new markets in different countries. Levi Strauss must control their product and service quality, the patent strategy to maintain its brand reputation. Market feasibility The issues of new geographical, product packaging, distribution channels and different pricing policies to attract different customer or create a new market segments that is Levi Strauss planning to enter must also take into consideration. Organizational feasibility The brand and formula have to carefully designed and properly execute. Levis Strauss able to expand rapidly takes risk segmentation into different countries. Financial feasibility According to the Levis Strauss annual report 2009 that company sales and profit has increased, so there are no financial problems to support market develop strategy. . Strategy 2- Differentiation Key resources Analysis Product/ Service feasibility Levi Strauss provides Levis 501 Original Jeanswear for men, women, teens, and children. Since launching the campaign, worldwide sales of 501 jeans have increased substantially. market feasibility The flagship 501 line growing again, these sales increases were not incremental. So everyone is a potential customer for Levis. Levis generally appeals to more mature generations not necessarily looking to make a fashion statement. Organizational feasibility Levis generally appeals to more mature generations not necessarily looking to make a fashion statement. Levis makes an effort to appeal to all customers in one way or another, which been a key to their success over the years. Financial feasibility According to the Levis Strauss annual report 2009, the sales and profit of the company has increased, so there is no financial problem to support franchising strategy. However, the in-store advisor service is free of charge; Levis Strauss has to cover this expense from other sectors. Selection of One Strategic Option for Implementation The above evaluation data have indicated that in fact all the two strategic options are equally important and necessary for the future growth of Levis Strauss and should be implemented to the long term benefits of Levis Strauss. The complexity and risks in implementation of the two options are summarized in below. Strategic Option Implementation Requirements Complexity Risk (1) Market development Involves higher capital injection management ingenuity to implement in view of other competitors Hardest with higher risks (2) Differentiation Involves strong management will and resolve to implement. Changing staffs working attitudes and instituting a new Levis 501 Original Jeanswear for men, women, teens, and children. Launching the campaign, worldwide sales of 501 jeans have increased substantially would need a lot of patience and tact. Medium hard, needs management will and tact Naturally, among the two strategic options, the strategic option 2 should be selected as the first choice since it can be implemented quickly and getting faster results. Implementation From the evaluation above, Levis Strauss select differentiation strategy to achieve their vision and mission. Differentiation strategy helps Levis Strauss to expand further more different gender and different ages to wear Levis Jeanswear and establish the brand as a fashion authority in every city. The implementation strategy can describe in three sections, which is resources management, organizational structure and management of change. Key issues Analysis Resources management Resource management refers to the possibility under discussion is a factor. Levi Strauss has confirmed that the factor is the most likely way to work. Levi Strauss can use the budget or other performance management tools to study the effectiveness of differentiation strategy. Organizational structure In this stage Levis Strauss has to deal with issues regarding levels of hierarchy, together with structural form and style of management. Management of change Some management of Levis Strauss might not aware of the need for changes in strategy implementations. Thus Levis Strauss must review the speed, scope and style of the changes, in order to obtain full commitment to them. The company maintained profits by providing a wide range of products, capturing new markets and increasing its market shares. The company created barriers to entry by patents and trademarks, and by differentiating its product from generic jeans. However as more firms entered the market, the company started losing customers and incurring losses. The upstart companies captured niche market shares from Levi Levis s immense market domination. Despite this reduction of sales, Levi Strauss Co. maintained its corporate responsible image and progressive stance on social, labor, and environmental issues, which may have long long-run profit opportunities. Conclusion This report had analyzed the situation and the growth strategy of Jeanswear line of Levis Strauss. The evaluation of the suitability, acceptability and feasibility had examined on chosen options. The options are products and services development and differentiation strategy. The strategy chosen is differentiation strategy to achieve the mission and vision. The launch of differentiation strategy helps Levis Strauss to expand their business effectively and efficiently. By respond quickly to emerging trends, Levis Strauss has become a successful fashion retailer within the shortest possible lead times to carve out a reputation for its ability.